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RedHat LINUX el 安装UEK内核并安装ORACLE Validated RPM
Oracle为Linux推出了坚不可摧的企业级内核Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel， UEK是一个高速的、新式的、可靠的Linux内核，它们自己的Exadata Database Machine就是基于该内核，也是为oracle自己的软、硬个件优化过的内核，也都知道ORACLE和RedHat在linux也搞的不是很愉快，而UEK据说可以在OLTP性能上比Red Hat快50%以上，对SSD访问速度增加一倍多。
出于它的可靠性，对Red Hat Linux升级到UEK不用重装操作系统，也不会影响当前的应用。
下面我升级我的RHEL 5进行安装并安装ORALCE Validated RPM,用它简化ORACLE的安装部署
OEL安装ORACLE Validated 不存在任何问题，并且OEL 5光盘里就有它的安装RPM包，但是Red hat和Centos安装会稍麻烦一些。
Validated可以简化ORACLE安装，比如修改内核参数，查询安装ORACLE RDBMS安装所依赖的包，增加ORACLE用户并修改在OS参数限制用户资源
我的步骤是先升级内核然后安装ORALCE Validated ，出于篇幅原因可能有部分输出被cut。
[root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga) Release: 5.5 Codename: Tikanga [root@localhost ~]# uname -a Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo --2012-06-05 02:13:23-- http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 141.146.44.34 Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|141.146.44.34|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 3974 (3.9K) [text/plain] Saving to: `public-yum-el5.repo' 100%[======================================>] 3,974 --.-K/s in 0.002s 2012-06-05 02:13:24 (2.09 MB/s) - `public-yum-el5.repo' saved [3974/3974] [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi local_cd.repo [rhel-cd] name=rhel 5.5 baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 note: 这是配置本地的安装的yum源，希望有的rpm可以从本地得到，节约网络下载 上面是下载的ORACLE的共享YUM源，里面有OEL5各版本的信息 [root@localhost ~]# yum list Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. el5_latest/primary 27% [==============- ] 24 kB/s | 1.8 MB 03:27 ETA el5_latest/primary 27% [===========el5_latest/primary | 6.6 MB 04:21 el5_latest 7376/7376 rhel-cd | 1.3 kB 00:00 Installed Packages Deployment_Guide-en-US.noarch 5.2-11 installed GConf2.i386 2.14.0-9.el5 installed MAKEDEV.i386 3.23-1.2 installed NetworkManager.i386 1:0.7.0-10.el5 installed NetworkManager-glib.i386 1:0.7.0-10.el5 installed .... [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install kernel-* Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package kernel.i686 0:2.6.18-308.8.1.0.1.el5 set to be installed ---> Package kernel-PAE.i686 0:2.6.18-308.8.1.0.1.el5 set to be installed ---> Package kernel-PAE-devel.i686 0:2.6.18-308.8.1.0.1.el5 set to be installed Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================================= Install 21 Package(s) Upgrade 6 Package(s) Total download size: 189 M Downloading Packages: (1/27): oraclelinux-release-5-8.0.2.i386.rpm | 2.7 kB 00:00 (2/27): device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-46.0.4.el5.i386.rpm | 94 kB 00:02 (3/27): device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-46.0.4.el5.i386.rpm | 152 kB 00:05 (4/27): ql2xxx-firmware-1.01.01-0.2.el5.noarch.rpm | 442 kB 00:08 (5/27): kpartx-0.4.9-46.0.4.el5.i386.rpm | 449 kB 00:09 (6/27): mkinitrd-5.1.19.6-75.0.9.el5.i386.rpm | 482 kB 00:08 (7/27): kexec-tools-1.102pre-154.0.3.el5.i386.rpm | 582 kB 00:09 (8/27): iscsi-initiator-utils-6.2.0.872-13.0.1.el5.i386.rpm | 1.0 MB 00:20 (9/27): busybox-1.2.0-13.el5.i386.rpm [root@localhost ~]# uname -a Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux [root@localhost ~]# reboot Broadcast message from root (pts/2) (Tue Jun 5 03:16:50 2012): The system is going down for reboot NOW! [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /mnt/cdrom/Server/ [root@localhost Server]# ls |wc -l 2350 [root@localhost ~]# lsb_release -a LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga) Release: 5.5 Codename: Tikanga OK,等了半个小时后内核升级成功 [root@localhost ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop install.log install.log.syslog oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386.rpm [root@localhost ~]# yum install oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386.rpm Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. el5_latest | 1.1 kB 00:00 file:///mnt/cdrom/Server/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 5] OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/mnt/cdrom/Server/repodata/repomd.xml' Trying other mirror. Setting up Install Process Examining oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386.rpm: oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386 Marking oracle-validated-1.0.0-5.el5.i386.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package oracle-validated.i386 0:1.0.0-5.el5 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: enterprise-release < 6:6 for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: enterprise-release >= 6:5 for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: compat-db for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34 for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34-c++ for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc++-33 for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: libXp for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: sysstat for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: unixODBC for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-devel for package: oracle-validated Total size: 19 M Total download size: 19 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/13): enterprise-release-5-8.0.3.i386.rpm | 29 kB 00:00 (2/13): sysstat-7.0.2-11.el5.i386.rpm | 182 kB 00:03 (3/13): unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm | 290 kB 00:04 (4/13): unixODBC-libs-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm | 551 kB 00:11 (5/13): unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm | 738 kB 00:08 (6/13): compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.1.i386.rpm | 4.0 MB 00:33 (7/13): compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.1.i386.rpm | 11 MB 01:37 ... Downloading Packages: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 267 MB/s | 2.0 MB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : unixODBC-libs 1/15 Installing : unixODBC 2/15 Installing : compat-gcc-34 3/15 Installing : compat-gcc-34-c++ 4/15 Installing : libXp 5/15 Installing : compat-db 6/15 Installing : compat-libstdc++-33 7/15 Installing : sysstat 8/15 Installing : unixODBC-devel 9/15 Installing : enterprise-release 10/15 Installing : libaio-devel 11/15 Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel 12/15 Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel-static 13/15 Installing : oracle-validated 14/15 Erasing : redhat-release 15/15 Installed: enterprise-release.i386 6:5-8.0.3 oracle-validated.i386 0:1.0.0-5.el5 Dependency Installed: compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1 compat-gcc-34.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1 compat-gcc-34-c++.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1 compat-libstdc++-33.i386 0:3.2.3-61 elfutils-libelf-devel.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5 libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5 sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-11.el5 unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 unixODBC-libs.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5 Replaced: redhat-release.i386 0:5Server-5.5.0.2 Complete! [root@localhost ~]# id oracle uid=501(oracle) gid=501(dba) groups=501(dba),502(oinstall) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh [root@localhost ~]# more /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages fs.file-max=327679 kernel.msgmni=2878 kernel.msgmax=8192 kernel.sem=250 32000 100 142 kernel.shmmni=4096 kernel.shmall=3279547 kernel.sysrq=1 net.core.rmem_default=262144 # For 11g recommended value for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304 net.core.rmem_max=4194304 # For 10g uncomment the following line, comment other entries for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p # net.core.rmem_max=2097152 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=262144 fs.aio-max-nr=3145728 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=1024 65000 kernel.shmmax=1055627264 [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nofile 131072 oracle hard nofile 131072 oracle soft nproc 131072 oracle hard nproc 131072 oracle soft core unlimited oracle hard core unlimited oracle soft memlock 3500000 oracle hard memlock 3500000 [root@localhost results]# cd /etc/sysconfig/oracle-validated/results/ [root@localhost results]# ls hangcheck kernel_bootparams.org orakernel.log
ok validated安装成功
note:
修改了内核参数和user限制，内核优化默认是ORACLE11G，原文件会自动备份当前目录下加上.orabackup
也可以查看orakernel.log日志
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